Europe’s largest medieval square is the Rynek Glowny, or Main Market Square, in Krakow. The outdoor cafés that encircle the 10-acre square offer prime people watching. Easily recognizable landmarks in the square, which is considered to be the center of the city, include the Cloth Hall, the Basilica of the Virgin Mary and the Town Hall Tower.
Farther north in central Poland lies the nation’s capital and largest city, Warsaw. The Royal Castle, official residence of the Polish monarchy, sits at the entrance to the Stare Miasto, or Old Town. Though much of the historic Old Town was destroyed during World War II, it has been carefully and faithfully restored to its pre-War condition, earning it the designation of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
In northern Poland, the city of Malbork was built around the Marienburg fortress. Founded in 1274 by the Order of the Teutonic Knights and named for their patron saint, the Virgin Mary, it was the largest Gothic fortress Europe. Settled on the banks of the Nogat River, Malbork—comprised three castles nestled inside one another—has undergone continuous construction for more than two centuries.
North-central Poland is the site of an archaeological dig that has uncovered an fortified Iron Age settlement called Biskupin. A life-sized model of the prehistoric settlement, often called the “Polish Pompeii” or the “Polish Herculaneum,” has been erected at the site.
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